ID2T-toolkit-BotnetTraffic/code/Attack/DDoSAttack.py

import logging
from random import randint, uniform, choice

from lea import Lea
from scipy.stats import gamma

from Attack import BaseAttack
from Attack.AttackParameters import Parameter as Param
from Attack.AttackParameters import ParameterTypes

logging.getLogger("scapy.runtime").setLevel(logging.ERROR)
# noinspection PyPep8
from scapy.layers.inet import IP, Ether, TCP, RandShort
from collections import deque


class DDoSAttack(BaseAttack.BaseAttack):
    def __init__(self):
        """
        Creates a new instance of the DDoS attack.

        """
        # Initialize attack
        super(DDoSAttack, self).__init__("DDoS Attack", "Injects a DDoS attack'",
                                        "Resource Exhaustion")

        # Define allowed parameters and their type
        self.supported_params = {
            Param.IP_SOURCE: ParameterTypes.TYPE_IP_ADDRESS,
            Param.MAC_SOURCE: ParameterTypes.TYPE_MAC_ADDRESS,
            Param.PORT_SOURCE: ParameterTypes.TYPE_PORT,
            Param.IP_DESTINATION: ParameterTypes.TYPE_IP_ADDRESS,
            Param.MAC_DESTINATION: ParameterTypes.TYPE_MAC_ADDRESS,
            Param.PORT_DESTINATION: ParameterTypes.TYPE_PORT,
            Param.INJECT_AT_TIMESTAMP: ParameterTypes.TYPE_FLOAT,
            Param.INJECT_AFTER_PACKET: ParameterTypes.TYPE_PACKET_POSITION,
            Param.PACKETS_PER_SECOND: ParameterTypes.TYPE_FLOAT,
            Param.PACKETS_LIMIT: ParameterTypes.TYPE_INTEGER_POSITIVE,
            Param.NUMBER_ATTACKERS: ParameterTypes.TYPE_INTEGER_POSITIVE,
            Param.ATTACK_DURATION: ParameterTypes.TYPE_INTEGER_POSITIVE,
            Param.VICTIM_BUFFER: ParameterTypes.TYPE_INTEGER_POSITIVE
        }

    def init_params(self):
        """
        Initialize the parameters of this attack using the user supplied command line parameters.
        Use the provided statistics to calculate default parameters and to process user
        supplied queries.

        :param statistics: Reference to a statistics object.
        """
        # PARAMETERS: initialize with default values
        # (values are overwritten if user specifies them)
        self.add_param_value(Param.INJECT_AFTER_PACKET, randint(0, self.statistics.get_packet_count()))
        # attacker configuration
        num_attackers = randint(1, 16)
        # The most used IP class in background traffic
        most_used_ip_class = self.statistics.process_db_query("most_used(ipClass)")

        self.add_param_value(Param.IP_SOURCE, self.generate_random_ipv4_address(most_used_ip_class, num_attackers))
        self.add_param_value(Param.MAC_SOURCE, self.generate_random_mac_address(num_attackers))
        self.add_param_value(Param.PORT_SOURCE, str(RandShort()))
        self.add_param_value(Param.PACKETS_PER_SECOND, 0)
        self.add_param_value(Param.ATTACK_DURATION, randint(5,30))

        # victim configuration
        random_ip_address = self.statistics.get_random_ip_address()
        self.add_param_value(Param.IP_DESTINATION, random_ip_address)
        destination_mac = self.statistics.get_mac_address(random_ip_address)
        if isinstance(destination_mac, list) and len(destination_mac) == 0:
            destination_mac = self.generate_random_mac_address()
        self.add_param_value(Param.MAC_DESTINATION, destination_mac)
        self.add_param_value(Param.VICTIM_BUFFER, randint(1000,10000))
        self.add_param_value(Param.PACKETS_LIMIT, 0)

    def generate_attack_pcap(self):
        def update_timestamp(timestamp, pps, delay=0):
            """
            Calculates the next timestamp to be used based on the packet per second rate (pps) and the maximum delay.

            :return: Timestamp to be used for the next packet.
            """
            if delay == 0:
                # Calculate the request timestamp
                # A distribution to imitate the bursty behavior of traffic
                randomdelay = Lea.fromValFreqsDict({1 / pps: 70, 2 / pps: 20, 5 / pps: 7, 10 / pps: 3})
                return timestamp + uniform(1 / pps, randomdelay.random())
            else:
                # Calculate the reply timestamp
                randomdelay = Lea.fromValFreqsDict({2 * delay: 70, 3 * delay: 20, 5 * delay: 7, 10 * delay: 3})
                return timestamp + uniform(1 / pps + delay, 1 / pps + randomdelay.random())

        def get_nth_random_element(*element_list):
            """
            Returns the n-th element of every list from an arbitrary number of given lists.
            For example, list1 contains IP addresses, list 2 contains MAC addresses. Use of this function ensures that
            the n-th IP address uses always the n-th MAC address.
            :param element_list: An arbitrary number of lists.
            :return: A tuple of the n-th element of every list.
            """
            range_max = min([len(x) for x in element_list])
            if range_max > 0: range_max -= 1
            n = randint(0, range_max)
            return tuple(x[n] for x in element_list)

        def index_increment(number: int, max: int):
            if number + 1 < max:
                return number + 1
            else:
                return 0

        def getIntervalPPS(complement_interval_pps, timestamp):
            """
            Gets the packet rate (pps) for a specific time interval.
            :param complement_interval_pps: an array of tuples (the last timestamp in the interval, the packet rate in the crresponding interval).
            :param timestamp: the timestamp at which the packet rate is required.
            :return: the corresponding packet rate (pps) .
            """
            for row in complement_interval_pps:
                if timestamp <= row[0]:
                    return row[1]
            # In case the timestamp > capture max timestamp
            return complement_interval_pps[-1][1]

        def get_attacker_config(ipAddress: str):
            """
            Returns the attacker configuration depending on the IP address, this includes the port for the next
            attacking packet and the previously used (fixed) TTL value.
            :param ipAddress: The IP address of the attacker
            :return: A tuple consisting of (port, ttlValue)
            """
            # Determine port
            port = attacker_port_mapping.get(ipAddress)
            if port is not None:  # use next port
                next_port = attacker_port_mapping.get(ipAddress) + 1
                if next_port > (2 ** 16 - 1):
                    next_port = 1
            else:  # generate starting port
                next_port = RandShort()
            attacker_port_mapping[ipAddress] = next_port
            # Determine TTL value
            ttl = attacker_ttl_mapping.get(ipAddress)
            if ttl is None:  # determine TTL value
                is_invalid = True
                pos = ip_source_list.index(ipAddress)
                pos_max = len(gd)
                while is_invalid:
                    ttl = int(round(gd[pos]))
                    if 0 < ttl < 256:  # validity check
                        is_invalid = False
                    else:
                        pos = index_increment(pos, pos_max)
                attacker_ttl_mapping[ipAddress] = ttl
            # return port and TTL
            return next_port, ttl

        BUFFER_SIZE = 1000

        # Determine source IP and MAC address
        num_attackers = self.get_param_value(Param.NUMBER_ATTACKERS)
        if num_attackers is not None:  # user supplied Param.NUMBER_ATTACKERS
            # The most used IP class in background traffic
            most_used_ip_class = self.statistics.process_db_query("most_used(ipClass)")
            # Create random attackers based on user input Param.NUMBER_ATTACKERS
            ip_source_list = self.generate_random_ipv4_address(most_used_ip_class, num_attackers)
            mac_source_list = self.generate_random_mac_address(num_attackers)
        else:  # user did not supply Param.NUMBER_ATTACKS
            # use default values for IP_SOURCE/MAC_SOURCE or overwritten values
            # if user supplied any values for those params
            ip_source_list = self.get_param_value(Param.IP_SOURCE)
            mac_source_list = self.get_param_value(Param.MAC_SOURCE)

        # Initialize parameters
        packets = deque(maxlen=BUFFER_SIZE)
        port_source_list = self.get_param_value(Param.PORT_SOURCE)
        mac_destination = self.get_param_value(Param.MAC_DESTINATION)
        ip_destination = self.get_param_value(Param.IP_DESTINATION)

        most_used_ip_address = self.statistics.get_most_used_ip_address()
        pps = self.get_param_value(Param.PACKETS_PER_SECOND)
        if pps == 0:
            result = self.statistics.process_db_query("SELECT MAX(maxPktRate) FROM ip_statistics WHERE ipAddress='"+ip_destination+"';")
            if result:
                pps = num_attackers * result
            else:
                result = self.statistics.process_db_query("SELECT MAX(maxPktRate) FROM ip_statistics WHERE ipAddress='"+most_used_ip_address+"';")
                pps = num_attackers * result

        # Calculate complement packet rates of the background traffic for each interval
        attacker_pps = pps / num_attackers
        complement_interval_attacker_pps = self.statistics.calculate_complement_packet_rates(attacker_pps)

        # Check ip.src == ip.dst
        self.ip_src_dst_equal_check(ip_source_list, ip_destination)

        port_destination = self.get_param_value(Param.PORT_DESTINATION)
        if not port_destination:  # user did not define port_dest
            port_destination = self.statistics.process_db_query(
                "SELECT portNumber FROM ip_ports WHERE portDirection='in' AND ipAddress='" + ip_destination + "' ORDER BY portCount DESC LIMIT 1;")
        if not port_destination:  # no port was retrieved
            port_destination = self.statistics.process_db_query(
                "SELECT portNumber FROM ip_ports WHERE portDirection='in' GROUP BY portNumber ORDER BY SUM(portCount) DESC LIMIT 1;")
        if not port_destination:
            port_destination = max(1, str(RandShort()))

        attacker_port_mapping = {}
        attacker_ttl_mapping = {}

        # Gamma distribution parameters derived from MAWI 13.8G dataset
        alpha, loc, beta = (2.3261710235, -0.188306914406, 44.4853123884)
        gd = gamma.rvs(alpha, loc=loc, scale=beta, size=len(ip_source_list))

        path_attack_pcap = None

        timestamp_prv_reply, timestamp_confirm = 0, 0
        minDelay, maxDelay = self.get_reply_delay(ip_destination)
        victim_buffer = self.get_param_value(Param.VICTIM_BUFFER)

        pkts_num = self.get_param_value(Param.PACKETS_LIMIT)
        if pkts_num == 0:
            attack_duration = self.get_param_value(Param.ATTACK_DURATION)
            pkts_num = int(pps * attack_duration)

        source_win_sizes = self.statistics.process_db_query(
                "SELECT DISTINCT winSize FROM tcp_win ORDER BY RANDOM() LIMIT "+str(pkts_num)+";")

        destination_win_dist = self.statistics.get_win_distribution(ip_destination)
        if len(destination_win_dist) > 0:
            destination_win_prob_dict = Lea.fromValFreqsDict(destination_win_dist)
            destination_win_value = destination_win_prob_dict.random()
        else:
            destination_win_value = self.statistics.process_db_query("most_used(winSize)")

        # MSS that was used by IP destination in background traffic
        mss_dst = self.statistics.get_most_used_mss(ip_destination)
        if mss_dst is None:
            mss_dst = self.statistics.process_db_query("most_used(mssValue)")

        replies_count = 0

        # For each attacker, generate his own packets, then merge all packets
        for attacker in range(num_attackers):
            # Timestamp
            timestamp_next_pkt = self.get_param_value(Param.INJECT_AT_TIMESTAMP)
            timestamp_next_pkt = update_timestamp(timestamp_next_pkt, attacker_pps)
            attacker_pkts_num = int(pkts_num / num_attackers) + randint(0,100)
            for pkt_num in range(attacker_pkts_num):
                # Build request package
                # Select one IP address and its corresponding MAC address
                (ip_source, mac_source) = get_nth_random_element(ip_source_list, mac_source_list)
                # Determine source port
                (port_source, ttl_value) = get_attacker_config(ip_source)
                request_ether = Ether(dst=mac_destination, src=mac_source)
                request_ip = IP(src=ip_source, dst=ip_destination, ttl=ttl_value)
                # Random win size for each packet
                source_win_size = choice(source_win_sizes)
                request_tcp = TCP(sport=port_source, dport=port_destination, flags='S', ack=0, window=source_win_size)

                request = (request_ether / request_ip / request_tcp)
                request.time = timestamp_next_pkt
                # Append request
                packets.append(request)

                # Build reply package
                if replies_count <= victim_buffer:
                    reply_ether = Ether(src=mac_destination, dst=mac_source)
                    reply_ip = IP(src=ip_destination, dst=ip_source, flags='DF')
                    reply_tcp = TCP(sport=port_destination, dport=port_source, seq=0, ack=1, flags='SA', window=destination_win_value,options=[('MSS', mss_dst)])
                    reply = (reply_ether / reply_ip / reply_tcp)

                    timestamp_reply = update_timestamp(timestamp_next_pkt, attacker_pps, minDelay)
                    while (timestamp_reply <= timestamp_prv_reply):
                        timestamp_reply = update_timestamp(timestamp_prv_reply, attacker_pps, minDelay)
                    timestamp_prv_reply = timestamp_reply

                    reply.time = timestamp_reply
                    packets.append(reply)
                    replies_count+=1

                attacker_pps = max(getIntervalPPS(complement_interval_attacker_pps, timestamp_next_pkt), (pps/num_attackers)/2)
                timestamp_next_pkt = update_timestamp(timestamp_next_pkt, attacker_pps)

                # Store timestamp of first packet (for attack label)
                if pkt_num == 1:
                    self.attack_start_utime = packets[0].time
                elif pkt_num % BUFFER_SIZE == 0: # every 1000 packets write them to the pcap file (append)
                    last_packet = packets[-1]
                    packets = sorted(packets, key=lambda pkt: pkt.time)
                    path_attack_pcap = self.write_attack_pcap(packets, True, path_attack_pcap)
                    packets = []

        if len(packets) > 0:
            packets = sorted(packets, key=lambda pkt: pkt.time)
            path_attack_pcap = self.write_attack_pcap(packets, True, path_attack_pcap)

        # Store timestamp of last packet
        self.attack_end_utime = last_packet.time

        # Return packets sorted by packet time_sec_start
        # pkt_num+1: because pkt_num starts at 0
        return pkt_num + 1, path_attack_pcap